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Curing Death by Curing Aging - August 2009 ArchivesThe anti-diabetic effects of sodium tungstate revealed (8/31/2009)The molecular mechanisms of tungstate activity in diabetes have been uncovered. Researchers writing in the open-access journal BMC Genomics have identified the pathways through which sodium tungstate improves pancreatic function and beta cell proliferation. ...> Full Article Scientists construct 'off switch' for Parkinson therapy (8/31/2009)Addressing safety concerns related to potential gene therapies for Parkinson's disease, researchers at the University of Florida's McKnight Brain Institute have constructed a gene transfer therapy that can be inhibited with a common antibiotic. Experiments in rats show that the gene therapy product can be completely shut off, indicating for the first time that genes that have been irrevocably delivered to the brain to treat Parkinson's can be regulated. ...> Full Article Turning back the clock: Fasting prolongs reproductive life span (8/31/2009)Scientific dogma has long asserted that females are born with their entire lifetime's supply of eggs, and once they're gone, they're gone. New findings by researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, published online Aug. 27 in Science, suggest that in nematode worms, at least, this does not hold true. ...> Full Article Gene assay to help to predict lung cancer treatment resistance (8/30/2009)The genes that may contribute to drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer can be predicted. Researchers writing in the open access journal BMC Cancer found good correlation between genes believed to be involved in drug sensitivity and resistance and actual in vitro chemosensitivity. ...> Full Article 'Hedgehog' pathway may hold key to anti-cancer therapy (8/30/2009)Research into the role of pathway gene could provide novel method to treat cancer metastases ...> Full Article Small peptide found to stop lung cancer tumor growth in mice (8/30/2009)In new animal research done by investigators at Wake Forest University School of Medicine, scientists have discovered a treatment effective in mice at blocking the growth and shrinking the size of lung cancer tumors, one of the leading causes of cancer death in the world. ...> Full Article New technique could eliminate inherited mitochondrial disease (8/29/2009)Researchers achieve pregnancies in non human primates with donor eggs' mitochondria ...> Full Article Unlocking the body's defenses against cancer (8/29/2009)Scientists have discovered a way of allowing healthy cells to take charge of cancerous cells and stop them developing into tumors in what could provide a new approach to treating early-stage cancers. ...> Full Article MicroRNA in human saliva may help diagnose oral cancer (8/29/2009)
New molecular markers for tumor aggressiveness in biliary tract cancer (8/29/2009)The research team led by Dr. Hiroyuki Yamamoto of Sapporo Medical University systematically analyzed the expression of laminin-5 (LN5) chains and matrix metalloproteinase 7 in biliary tract cancer. They found that invasive front dominant expression of LNγ2 and LNβ3, and active MMP7 was associated with tumor progression. LNγ2 and LNβ3, in conjunction with MMP7, appear to play a key role in the progression of biliary tract cancer. ...> Full Article Dental researchers confirm microRNAs as biomarkers for oral cancer detection (8/28/2009)UCLA School of Dentistry researchers have substantiated the effectiveness of measuring the microRNAs in saliva to detect oral squamous cell carcinoma. Two particular microRNAs, miR-125a and miR-200a, are present at significantly different levels in the saliva of individuals suffering from OSCC. This latest finding offers another minimally invasive, cost-effective method for early detection of the disease that can be translated to earlier treatment and potential improvement in long-term survival rates. ...> Full Article Blood-flow metabolism mismatch predicts pancreatic tumor aggressiveness (8/28/2009)
New technique can help diagnose mesothelioma (8/28/2009)...> Full Article Why 'thick' blood protects from a heart attack (8/27/2009)
Some skin cancer may be mediated by primary cilia activity (8/27/2009)Tiny, solitary spikes that stick out of nearly every cell in the body play a central role in a type of skin cancer, new research has found. The discovery in mice shows that the microscopic structures known as primary cilia can either suppress or promote this skin cancer, depending on the mutation triggering the disease. ...> Full Article Some brain tumors may be mediated by tiny filament on cells (8/27/2009)UCSF scientists have discovered that a tiny filament extending from cells, until recently regarded as a remnant of evolution, may play a role in the most common malignant brain tumor in children. ...> Full Article Biology researchers demystify elusive war zone bacterium (8/26/2009)University of Texas at San Antonio researcher Tao Weitao is making great strides in his research on the bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii, which causes mortality rates as high as 75 percent in the Middle East. The bacterium is a significant threat to San Antonio military families, which can become infected if a family member brings the bacterium home after battle. ...> Full Article Fecal DNA methylation detects gastric and colorectal cancers (8/26/2009)A preliminary evaluation of methylation of two gene promoters in fecal DNA showed promise as a noninvasive method to detect colorectal and gastric cancers, according to a new study published online Aug. 21 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. ...> Full Article Chronic kidney disease linked to malfunctioning mitochondria (8/25/2009)Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been linked to oxidative stress caused by dysregulation of the genes that control mitochondria. A study in the open-access journal BMC Genomics has revealed alterations in respiration gene expression in the white blood cells of CKD patients. ...> Full Article New discovery points the way towards malaria 'vaccine' (8/25/2009)Malaria kills anywhere from one to three million people around the world annually and affects the lives of up to 500 million more. Yet until now, scientists did not fully understand exactly how the process that caused the disease's severe hallmark fevers began. A team led by Dr. Martin Olivier from the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre and McGill University in Montreal has solved this mystery. ...> Full Article Little known type of cholesterol may pose the greatest heart disease risk (8/24/2009)
Single host gene may hold key to treating both ebola and anthrax infections (8/24/2009)Research published by Army scientists indicates that a minor reduction in levels of one particular gene, known as CD45, can provide protection against two divergent microbes: the virus that causes Ebola hemorrhagic fever and the bacterium that causes anthrax. Taken together, the results suggest a common host restriction factor and a promising approach to drug development for treating two completely different infections. ...> Full Article Tobacco plants yield the first vaccine for the dreaded 'cruise ship virus' (8/24/2009)Scientists have used a new vaccine production technology to develop a vaccine for norovirus, a dreaded cause of diarrhea and vomiting that may be the second most common viral infection in the United States after the flu. Sometimes called the "cruise ship virus," this microbe can spread like wildfire through passenger liners, schools, offices and military bases. ...> Full Article DNA-coated nanotubes help kill tumors without harm to surrounding tissue (8/23/2009)Researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine have destroyed prostate cancer tumors in mice by injecting them with specially-coated, minuscule carbon tubes and then superheating the tubes with a brief zap of a laser. ...> Full Article Scientists help explain effects of ancient Chinese herbal formulas on heart health (8/23/2009)
Type 1 diabetes linked to immune response to wheat (8/22/2009)Scientists at the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and the University of Ottawa have discovered what may be an important clue to the cause of type 1 diabetes. Dr. Fraser Scott and his team tested 42 people with type 1 diabetes and found that nearly half had an abnormal immune response to wheat proteins. The study is published in the August 2009 issue of the journal Diabetes. ...> Full Article Anti-aging gene linked to high blood pressure (8/22/2009)
Hepatitis C virus channels efforts into cell survival (8/21/2009)Researchers at the University of Leeds have discovered a previously unknown mechanism that allows the hepatitis C virus to remain in the body for decades. ...> Full Article Does sugar feed cancer? (8/21/2009)Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah have uncovered new information on the notion that sugar "feeds" tumors. The findings may also have implications for other diseases such as diabetes. The research is published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. ...> Full Article Cancer's break-in tools possibly identified (8/21/2009)A single cell in a 1-millimeter nematode worm is providing valuable new clues into cancer's deadliest behavior -- its ability to put down roots in new tissues after spreading throughout the body. ...> Full Article Engineered protein-like molecule protects cells against HIV infection (8/20/2009)With the help of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and molecular engineering, researchers have designed synthetic protein-like mimics convincing enough to interrupt unwanted biological conversations between cells. ...> Full Article Gene vital to brain's stem cells implicated in deadly brain cancer (8/20/2009)Researchers from Columbia University Medical Center's Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified a protein that activates brain stem cells to make new neurons -- but that may be hijacked later in life to cause brain cancer in humans. The protein called Huwe1 normally functions to eliminate other unnecessary proteins and was found to act as a tumor suppressor in brain cancer. ...> Full Article Prion protein identified as a novel early pancreatic cancer biomarker (8/20/2009)Mad cow disease is caused by the accumulation of an abnormal protein, the prion, in the brain of an affected patient. Outside of the brain, very little is known about prions. Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, researchers have, for the first time, identified the prion as a biomarker for pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly cancers in humans; the five year survival rate is less than 10 percent. ...> Full Article New strategy for inhibiting virus replication (8/19/2009)Viruses need living cells for replication and production of virus progeny. Thus far, antiviral therapy primarily targets viral factors but often induces therapy resistance. New improved therapies attempt to targets cellular factors that are essential for viral replication. ...> Full Article New study suggests possible genetic links between environmental toxins and multiple myeloma (8/18/2009)Several SNPs associated with bone disease in myeloma have been identified and reported in a paper in the current issue of Leukemia. Several of these SNPs are believed to be associated with toxin metabolism and/or DNA repair. Although these findings are still preliminary, they could explain an increasing incidence of myeloma, including the unexpected findings of myeloma among younger (under 45 years old) responders to the 9/11 World Trade Center site reported separately this week. ...> Full Article Researchers identify 'regulatory' genetic sequences that may predict risk for prostate cancer (8/18/2009)Researchers at the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California have identified a novel genetic mechanism that may govern an individual's risk of developing prostate cancer. ...> Full Article Researchers develop new, more-sensitive assay for detecting DNA methylation in colon cancer (8/17/2009)In a joint effort between Case Western Reserve University and John's Hopkins University, researchers have developed a highly sensitive method for detecting methylated DNA. ...> Full Article New method takes aim at aggressive cancer cells (8/17/2009)Researchers use novel stem-cell method to discover chemical with potency against breast tumors in mice ...> Full Article Aspirin use after colorectal cancer diagnosis associated with improved survival (8/17/2009)Men and women who were diagnosed with colorectal cancer and began regular use of aspirin had a lower risk of overall and colorectal cancer death compared to patients not using aspirin, according to a study in the Aug. 12 issue of JAMA. ...> Full Article Holograms a new tool in battling ovarian cancer (8/17/2009)
Anthrax bacteria conspire with viruses to stay alive (8/16/2009)By studying the life of Bacillus anthracis, scientists raise questions about how viruses may govern our own ...> Full Article Scientists advance understanding of cell death (8/16/2009)Medical Research Council scientists have made an important advance in understanding the biological processes involved when cells are prompted to die. The work may help scientists to eventually develop new treatments for the many common diseases and conditions which occur when cell death goes wrong. ...> Full Article First compound that specifically kills cancer stem cells found (8/16/2009)The cancer stem cells that drive tumor growth and resist chemotherapies and radiation treatments that kill other cancer cells aren't invincible after all. Researchers reporting online on August 13 in the journal Cell, a Cell Press publication, have discovered the first compound that targets those cancer stem cells directly. ...> Full Article Carnitine supplements reverse glucose intolerance in animals (8/15/2009)Supplementing obese rats with the nutrient carnitine helps the animals to clear the extra sugar in their blood, something they had trouble doing on their own, researchers at Duke University Medical Center report. ...> Full Article Researchers identify potential new avenue to attack cancer (8/15/2009)
Cancer mortality rates experience steady decline (8/15/2009)The number of cancer deaths has declined steadily in the last three decades. Although younger people have experienced the steepest declines, all age groups have shown some improvement, according to a recent report in Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. ...> Full Article Amazonian tribe sheds light on causes of heart disease in developed countries (8/14/2009)Heart attacks and strokes -- the leading causes of death in the United States and other developed countries -- may have been rare for the vast majority of human history, suggests a study to be published in PLoS ONE on Tuesday, Aug. 11. ...> Full Article Researchers propose ambitious new strategies for AIDS vaccine research (8/14/2009)Unraveling how African nonhuman primates adapt to HIV-like viruses may lead to vaccine ...> Full Article Tuberculosis drugs under development expected to have major impact on the disease (8/14/2009)The latest drug regimens, vaccines and diagnostic tools under development to combat tuberculosis could have a potentially large impact on the disease once they become available, according to research findings published in the Aug. 3 early edition online of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. ...> Full Article Researchers identify potential target for metastatic cancer (8/14/2009)
New genes at work in patients with hereditary lung disease (8/14/2009)Gene therapy trial succeeds in spurring production of a protective protein ...> Full Article Study identifies risk factors for transformation of eye growths into melanoma (8/13/2009)Eight factors may predict whether a choroidal nevus -- a benign, flat, pigmented growth inside the eye and beneath the retina -- may develop into melanoma, according to a report in the August issue of Archives of Ophthalmology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals. ...> Full Article Sensitizing tumor response to cancer therapy (8/13/2009)University of Arizona researchers are working to find natural, biologically active compounds that will sensitize cancerous tumors to therapy without damaging normal tissue. ...> Full Article Taking the needle's sting out of diabetes (8/13/2009)
Young early stage ovarian cancer patients can preserve fertility (8/12/2009)A new study finds that young women with early stage ovarian cancer can preserve future fertility by keeping at least one ovary or the uterus without increasing the risk of dying from the disease. ...> Full Article STAT3 gene regulates cancer stem cells in brain cancer (8/12/2009)
Tumor suppressor pulls double shift as reprogramming watchdog (8/11/2009)
Cost-effectiveness of cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer (8/11/2009)From a health-care system perspective, it may be more efficient to use the drug cetuximab only in colorectal cancer patients whose tumors have a wild-type KRAS gene, according to a study published online Aug. 7 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. ...> Full Article Colon cancer may yield to cellular sugar starvation (8/10/2009)Dietary sugar intake unlikely to have any impact, scientists caution ...> Full Article Tumor mutations can predict chemo success (8/10/2009)Genetic profiling of tumors could have 'immediate impact' on treating cancer ...> Full Article First human gets new antibody aimed at hepatitis C virus (8/9/2009)MassBiologics of the University of Massachusetts Medical School has begun a Phase 1 clinical trial of a human monoclonal antibody it developed that neutralizes the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The trial, which follows successful preclinical studies, will include 30 healthy volunteers and will test the safety and activity of the monoclonal antibody. More than 3.2 million Americans are chronically infected with HCV, which attacks the liver and can lead to liver failure, killing 10,000 annually. ...> Full Article More insulin-producing cells, at the flip of a 'switch' (8/9/2009)Researchers have found a way in mice to convert another type of pancreas cell into the critical insulin-producing beta cells that are lost in those with type I diabetes. The secret ingredient is a single transcription factor, according to the report in the Aug. 7 issue of Cell, a Cell Press journal. ...> Full Article Scientists find common trigger in cancer and normal stem cell reproduction (8/9/2009)Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered, for the first time, a common molecular pathway that is used by both normal stem cells and cancer stem cells when they reproduce themselves. ...> Full Article Gene shut-down may offer early warning of chronic leukemia (8/9/2009)A new study shows that certain genes are turned off early in the development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), before clinical signs of the disease appear. The study examined cancer cells from CLL patients and from a new strain of mice that develops a very similar disease. The findings suggest that epigenetic alterations might serve as markers for detecting CLL early and for monitoring progression, and that their reversal might delay or prevent progression. ...> Full Article Study links virus to some cases of common skin cancer (8/8/2009)A virus discovered in a rare form of skin cancer has been found in people with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), a common skin cancer. Researchers identified the virus in more than a third of 58 SCC patients and in 15 percent of their tumors. Virus found in tumor cells had a mutation that could enable it to integrate into the host cell DNA, suggesting that the virus might help cause some cases of SCC. ...> Full Article Researchers decode structure of an entire HIV genome (8/8/2009)The structure of an entire HIV genome has been decoded for the first time by researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The results have widespread implications for understanding the strategies that viruses, like the one that causes AIDS, use to infect humans. The study, the cover story in the Aug. 6, 2009, issue of the journal Nature, also opens the door for further research which could accelerate the development of antiviral drugs. ...> Full Article Decoding leukemia patient genome leads scientists to mutations in other patients (8/8/2009)Reporting online Aug. 5 in the New England Journal of Medicine, scientists at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have sequenced the complete genome of a patient with acute myeloid leukemia, discovering a suite of genetic changes in the cancer cells. Their research has revealed that one of these mutations also is common in certain brain tumors called gliomas and that another occurred in a second patient with the same type of leukemia. Neither mutation had been previously linked to leukemia. ...> Full Article Researchers identify new method to selectively kill metastatic melanoma cells (8/7/2009)An international team of researchers has identified a new method for selectively killing metastatic melanoma cells, which may lead to new areas for drug development in melanoma -- a cancer that is highly resistant to current treatment strategies. ...> Full Article Viral mimic induces melanoma cells to digest themselves (8/6/2009)Recent research has uncovered an unexpected vulnerability in deadly melanoma cells that, when exploited, can cause the cancer cells to turn against themselves. The study, published by Cell Press in the August issue of the journal Cancer Cell, identifies a new target for development of future therapeutics aimed at selectively eliminating this aggressive skin cancer which is characterized by a notoriously high rate of metastasis and treatment-resistance. ...> Full Article Researchers find promising candidate protein for cancer prevention vaccines (8/6/2009)Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have learned that some healthy people naturally developed an immune response against a protein that is made in excess levels in many cancers, including breast, lung, and head and neck cancers. The finding suggests that a vaccine against the protein might prevent malignancies in high-risk individuals. ...> Full Article Silenced genes as a warning sign of blood cancer (8/6/2009)In the genetic material of cancer cells, important growth inhibitors are often switched off by chemical labels in the DNA. How this happens has been investigated by scientists of the German Cancer Research Center in collaboration with colleagues from the Ohio State University in the United States. They discovered in mice that cancer-typical DNA labeling occurs long before the first symptoms of leukemia appear. A test for the genetic label might therefore help to detect a developing cancer at an early point. ...> Full Article Scientists report original source of malaria (8/6/2009)Deadly parasite jumped to humans from chimpanzees, perhaps through 1 mosquito ...> Full Article Use of a restraining device in the subacute phase after a stroke no better than rehabilitation alone (8/5/2009)Restraining the use of some patients' unaffected upper limb during the subacute phase following stroke does not appear to generate greater improvements in motor impairment and capacity than standard rehabilitation alone, according to a pilot study published in the June issue of Physical Therapy, the scientific journal of the American Physical Therapy Association. ...> Full Article Nanoparticles cross blood-brain barrier to enable 'brain tumor painting' (8/5/2009)
Scientists discover bladder cancer stem cell (8/5/2009)Researchers at Stanford's School of Medicine have identified the first human bladder cancer stem cell and revealed how it works to escape the body's natural defenses. ...> Full Article Variation in prostate stem cell antigen gene raises bladder cancer risk (8/4/2009)
Unlocking the key to human fertility (8/4/2009)Scientists at Leeds and Bradford have discovered a unique "DNA signature" in human sperm, which may act as a key that unlocks an egg's fertility and triggers new life. ...> Full Article Stem cell 'daughters' lead to breast cancer (8/4/2009)
EphA2-targeted therapy delivers chemo directly to ovarian cancer cells (8/1/2009)
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